Hi Students,
NASA projects cover a wide range of topics, both on the Earth and in space! In space, were going back to Mars next year, with a robot rover named Curosity. NASA is also launching a new mission to explore Jupiter and its satellites, named Juno. In terms of studying the Sun, there are no less than four spacecraft right now in space studying the Sun. Soho, Stereo (two spacecraft), and newly operational, Solar Dynamics Observatory, or SDO for short!
NASA also studies everyday aspects on life on Earth. From flying in an airplane, to designing safe new products we use, a wide variety. This is called "spin-off" technology.
From an Astronomy point of view, we have of course the Hubble Space Telescope, now in orbit more than 20 years since 1990! The next is called the James Webb space telescope to follow. Hope this helps.